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一、动词

时态一致

1. 含义：

前后句的时态要保持一致。

例如：People are queuing for the test right now so the organizer is asking everyone to wear masks.

2. 用法：

(2) 过去时

(2) 过去时

a) 一般过去时

i. 定义：过去发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

ii. 标志词：once/in 1980/yesterday/last week/two years ago…

iii. 动词形式：did/ was / were

iv. 例句：

1. I didn't realize you were exhausted.

2. When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

b) 过去进行时

i. 定义：过去某个时间正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

ii. 动词形式：was/were doing

iii. 例句：

1. At that time she was working in a department store.

2. Students were doing the covid test this morning.

c) 过去完成时

i. 定义：“过去的过去”：即以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为。

ii. 动词形式：did/was/were + had done

iii. 例句：

1. As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.

d) 过去将来时

i. 定义：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来;通常出现在宾语从句中。

ii. 标志词：did/was/were + would do

iii. 例句：

1. He said he would go to Chicago tomorrow morning.

2. Mary’s background in physics and chemistry provided her with a unique skillset that would serve her well for the rest of her career.

真题检测

真题检测 1

(2022-03NA-Q26) As a study by psychologists at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom have suggested, employees may experience increased productivity and satisfaction when they are allowed to determine the number and arrangement of items on their desks or in their offices.

A. NO CHANGE

B. are suggesting, 

C. suggests,

D. suggest,

解析：通过employees may experience increased productivity看出may experience是一般现在时，根据前后句的时态要保持一致的原则，后面的句子也要是一般现在时，所以排除A/B/D三个选项，所以选C。

注：2022-03NA-Q26为2022年3月北美真题第26题。

真题检测 2

(2021-10AS-Q3) A team of biopsychologists in Germany observed this effect in a series of experiments in which subjects don special glasses to control the field of vision and were asked to focus on a symbol in a computer monitor.

A. NO CHANGE

B. donned 

C. will don

D. will have donned

解析：通过observed this effect或were asked看出是一般过去时，根据前后句的时态要保持一致的原则，后面的句子也要是一般过去时，所以排除A/C/D三个选项，所以选B。

注：2021-10AS-Q3为2021年10月亚太真题第3题。

真题检测 3

(2021-08AS-Q12) In 1975 screenwriter and filmmaker Julie Dash began taking notes on the stories she has heard from her family members who were part of the Gullah community.

A. NO CHANGE

B. hears

C. heard

D. will hear

解析：通过began taking 看出为一般过去时，根据前后句的时态要保持一致的原则，后面的句子也要保持一般过去时，所以排除A/C/D三个选项，所以选B。

注：2021-08AS-Q10为2021年8月亚太真题10题。

真题检测 4

(2021-08AS-Q24) Some museum stakeholders could be interested in building a museum that would highlight inspiring and uplifting images of African American achievement. Other envisioned a museum that reckoned more directly with the suffering caused by slavery and segregation.

A. NO CHANGE

B. were

C. are

D. will be

解析：通过下句envisioned看出为一般过去时，根据前后句的时态要保持一致的原则，前面的句子也要保持一般过去时，所以排除A/C/D三个选项，所以选B。

注：2021-08AS-Q24为2021年8月亚太真题24题。