改革后的新gre考试更加注重题目要求更加具体，考察考生完成题目过程中是否融合批判性思维。是不是觉得很难！今天小编请到大家喜欢的大刘静老师，给大家扒一扒GRE写作里的Evidence题型解法！

 

Argument题型的写作必须要根据题目指令进行，新GRE考试对这种题型设置了八种题目指令来考察考生在不同题目指令下分析相应的逻辑错误并且准确,清晰,有条理地表达的能力。 具体指令如下：

 

 1) Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.   

 

2) Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions, and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

 

3) Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

 

4) Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the advice and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the advice.

 

5) Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

 

6) Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.

 

 

7) Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.

 

 

8) Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be addressed in order to decide whether the conclusion and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to the questions would help to evaluate the conclusion.

 

虽然是8个，但其实里面的相同点很多。在实际考试中， 大家的复习资料里（如OG）的案例就是考试的案列，但是相应的题目的题目指令会做出调整。今天， 我们重点来讲解种题目指令下考生应该如何答题。

 

点侧重于evidence的讨论，也就是题目提供出来的事实数据(比如说调查结果,对事物或者概念的描述,等等),和其对于conclusion的作用。

 

下面让老师直接用例题的形式来给大家讲解这个知识点吧！

 

25 .The following was written as a part of an application for a small-business loan by a group of developers in the city of Monroe.

 

A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise. Currently, the nearest jazz club is 65 miles away; thus, the proposed new jazz club in Monroe, the C-Note would have the local market all to itself. Plus, jazz is extremely popular in Monroe:over 100,000 people attended Monroe's annual jazz festival last summer; several well-known

 

jazz musicians live in Monroe; and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is ‘Jazz Nightly’, which airs every weeknight at 7 P.M. Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment.

 

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

 

分析来啦

 

首先我们来分析下这个题目的要求是什么。显然，我们需要给出新的证据来完善这个推理过程。 并且我们给的证据既可以是正面的（加强其结论），也可以是负面的（削弱其结论）。

 

那么段落的写作围绕的是什么中心呢？简言之就是相应的Evidence是如何推出其对应结论的？并且在推导的过程中出现了哪些问题呢？ 那么每个段落至少要包含以下几个部分：

 

1: 案例中的结论为何推导不出？－－逻辑错误是什么？

2: 有什么证据可以帮助作者推出结论？－－具体证据是什么？

3: 新证据加上之后的效果是什么？－－ 是削弱还是增强了结论？

 

好了，明确了基本概念之后，接下来我们就可以根据题目的具体内容来分段分析了。这个case的三条line of reasoning 我们要先找出来：

 

1、 最近的爵士俱乐部在65英里以外 －－> 新爵士俱乐部可以占据当地的市场；

2、 去年有十万人参加当地音乐节 ＋ 几个的爵士乐手住在Monroe ＋ 收听率的是广播节目是夜间爵士 －－>爵士乐在当地相当流行；

3、全国调查显示一个典型爵士乐粉丝愿意花钱在爵士娱乐上－－> 本地粉丝愿意花钱在爵士俱乐部上。

 

而1，2，3共同证明的显然是在Monroe建立一个新的爵士俱乐部会很挣钱。

 

明确了逻辑线条和相应逻辑错误的位置，下面我们来挑选其中一个段落来分析下逻辑错误并附上相应段落的范文。下面以第三点：主体三为例。

 

全国调查显示一个典型爵士乐粉丝愿意花钱在爵士娱乐上

－－> 本地粉丝愿意花钱在爵士俱乐部上

 

逻辑错误：

1: 全国范围的数据很难反映Monroe当地的情况

－－当地人能否花够1，000美金，要看Monroe市民的具体收入和消费情况

2: 花在爵士娱乐上的钱的去向不见得一定是花在了爵士俱乐部上

 

范文演示

 

 

The nation where Monroe stands is surveyed to be the Mecca of jazz based on the considerable amount of money fans spend annually(作者提出的证据—>). This scarcely follows that  (—>处逻辑错误)jazz fans in Monroe tend to follow suit. Some proof that locals are affordable for those activities and even those low-income dwellers are willing to pay their jazz-relevant bills should be afforded(—>推出结论需要的证据－－加强结论). This, when assumed to be all in readiness, gives rise to another question（—>引出第二处逻辑错误（尤其注意衔接方法）. Namely, whether the statistical results mirror the expenditure pertinent to jazz music club.The description of jazz entertainment , evidently, is vague as it does not necessarily refer to jazz music solely(—>推出结论需要的证据－－削弱结论). 

 

最后，evidence的题型重在分析evidence推导结论时欠缺考虑了哪些变量，并且在表达这些变量时既可以是正面的，也可以是反面的。另外，需要注意下信息点之间是如果通过逻辑关系衔接的,虽然并列的衔接方式是最常见的，但是如果能有其他的衔接信息点的技巧（如范文所示的’指代方式－－this’）并加以有效使用，行文会更加流畅。  

苏州GRE就上苏州新航道！