1. puberty/'pjuːbətɪ/

n.青春期；发育期

搭配：enter/ reach puberty 进入青春期

at/ during 在青春期

e.g. After reaching puberty, his voice began to deepen noticeably.

e.g. During puberty, adolescents experience significant physical and emotional changes.

补充：adolescent 青少年

syn. adolescence n.青春期

e.g. Their children are on the verge of adolescence.

补充：on the verge of 在…的边缘；即将…

2. self-conscious /ˌsɛlfˈkɑːnʃəs/

worried or embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you. adj. 自我意识过强的；在意他人看法的

搭配：be self-conscious about 对于…很在意的

e.g. He has always been self-conscious about his weight.

e.g. e.g. Teenagers are often self-conscious about their appearance after reaching puberty.

3. autonomy /ɔː'tɒnəmɪ/

n. 自主权；自主能力

搭配：seek autonomy 寻求自主权

emotional and social autonomy 情感和社交独立

e.g. As teenagers grow up, they seek more autonomy from their parents.

e.g. Puberty is a stage where adolescents seek emotional and social autonomy.

e.g. As teenagers go through puberty, their desire for personal autonomy increases, which often requires parents to adjust their parenting style.

syn. independence 独立自主

e.g. Many teenagers crave independence from their parents.

补充：crave 渴望

4. parenting /'peərəntɪŋ/

n. 育儿；抚养孩子方式；教养方式

e.g. Parenting is one of the most challenging but rewarding experiences.

e.g. Modern parenting emphasizes open communication with children.

e.g. Teenagers raised in authoritarian households may rebel during puberty due to lack of emotional support.

补充: authoritarian 独裁的；专制的

rebel v. 表现叛逆；不守规矩

Different Parenting Styles补充

Authoritative Parenting 权威型

Parents set rules but explain them and listen to the child’s perspective.

Authoritarian Parenting专制型

High demand but low responsiveness. Parents expect obedience without question.