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An increasing number of people are choosing cosmetic surgery in order to improve their appearance. Why? Is it a positive or negative development?(2020/9/27)

解析&审题

题材：生活

题型：Discussion

关键词：cosmetic surgery + improve appearance

需要讨论的观点：越来越多的人做整容的原因是什么，这是好还是坏?

建议思路：从物质、心理、社会三个层面讨论原因及好坏。

复现情况：新题

本次考试是难得的新题，近年都没有出现过。

虽然是新题，但由于涉及的话题与我们的生活息息相关，也是我们平时喜欢思考和讨论的话题，因此考生写起来应该不缺素材。可能对很多考生而言，问题在于是否认识题目中的关键词“cosmetic surgery”。这个就是“整容手术”的意思。如果实在不认识这个词，根据后面的提示“to improve their appearance”，想必大家也能猜到cosmetic surgery的基本意思了。

那么，人们为什么要做整容呢?关于“原因”类的考题，就是考生可以考虑使用“三层次”理论来审题，也就是物质层次、心理层次和社会层次。整容能让人变得好看，更好地被他人接纳，从而带来工作机会，这是物质原因;整容帮助人们提升自信心和自尊心，从而带来更大的生活幸福感，这是心理原因。

因此，整容能够给个人带来很多好处，但在社会层次上，却不一定是件好事情。如果整容成为风尚，那么人们将不再关注内心和性格的发展。此外，整容往往需要花很多钱，因此整容主要是让有钱人获益，结果导致社会贫富差距加大(widen the gap between the rich and the poor)。

这样写，大家是不是觉得这篇作文既有话说，又有意思呢?下面请看高分范文。

特别提醒：

文章提出的“三层次”思维方法适用于很多作文的写作，请大家了解并灵活使用。

高分范文

Cosmetic surgery is the kind of medical operation that can make people look better by changing their facial features or even bodily shape. There are, I think, two reasons why people are willing to have cosmetic surgery.

Such is human nature that all people, men or women, love to look more attractive, yet being attractive has other more practical functions. In most social situations, a person with better appearance is always more popular with people around him/her, and therefore more likely to receive help from others. We can see that, for example, a good-looking job-seeker, other things being equal, is more likely to pass the interview than his/her average-looking competitors. Research also shows that people with fine appearance have more opportunities of being promoted in workplaces.

Furthermore, improved appearance also helps people to build up their confidence and self-esteem. We have seen many people, especially women, who had a low opinion of themselves suddenly become radiant after the cosmetic surgical operation that has changed their outward appearance. So it is indeed true that changes on the outsidecan bring about changes on the inside.

For all the benefits cosmetic surgery can bring to people’s life, I think socially speaking, it is a negative development. If cosmetic surgery fosters a social atmosphere in which only appearance is valued, then no one will care about developing their inner character and personalities. More importantly, as cosmetic surgery is often very costly, only the rich people can afford the operation, which means only the rich people can benefit from the surgery. Consequently, cosmetic surgery has contributed to the ever-widening gap between the rich and the poor.

(274 words)