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苏州新航道 > 长难句训练营 > 长难句第十二周

长难句第十二周

来源:      浏览:      发布日期:2019-03-22 15:14

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Day1

长难句:It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.

 

【句子主干】It is imagined that the operations can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by special training.

.

构分析】

句子的框架是 it is imagined  that, and that …。这是典型的句型it + is + p. p. (过去分词)+ that clauseit是形式主语,句子真正的主语是两个并列的that引导的主语从句,由连词and 连接。

operation 此处不能译成“操作”,根据上下文应译成“活动”,这里的processes 要译成“思维过程”,而不能简单地理解成“过程”。

 

【重点词汇

operation活动

by no means无法

sort of某种

 

【句子翻

许多人认为,普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比,认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。

 

【翻译练习

中翻英:

1. 政府究竟是以减少对技术的经费投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入还是相反,这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动的力量。

 

2. 这些预测在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实,这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性,以及解释这些信息的技能和才智

英翻中:There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.

 

 

 

Day2

答案:

1. Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa, often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

 

2. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.

 

所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念,还是指历史探究中各个具体领域适用的研究手段,人们对此意见不一。

 

长难句:

Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.

 

【句子主干】Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength is bound up with the efficiency, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts.

 

构分析】

句子的框架是furthermore, it is obvious that, and that …。这是典型的句型it + is + obvious + that clauseit 是形式主语,真正的主语是由连词and连接的两个并列的主语从句:a. that the strength is bound with; b. and that this  rests upon the efforts …。个主语从句中的词组be bound up with是“与…有关联”之意;在第二个主语从句中,代词this指代前文的the efficiency of its agriculture and industry,译为“效率的提高”。

 

【重点词汇

be directly bound up with 密切相关

agriculture 农业

rests upon有赖于

 

【句子翻

再者,显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关,而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力

 

【翻译练习

中翻英:

1. 能解除时差综合症和冬季忧郁症的关键是荷尔蒙褪黑激素,人们知道这种激素能够调节人体节奏。

2. 12岁至19岁年龄组的孩子目前有3100万,人口学家预测,到2010年他们将达到3500万,比二战后生育高峰期出生的孩子还多。

 

英翻中:It seemed almost unbelievable but what appeared to be happening was that the fault was actually being lubricated by the injection of the fluid.

 

 

 

Day3

答案:

1. What could be a key to jet lag and winter blues is the hormone melatonin, which is known to regulate body rhythms.

2. There are now 31 million kids in the 12-to-19 age group, and demographers predict that there will be 35 million teens by 2010, a population bigger than even the baby boom at its peak.

 

地球内的断层正在被人们注入的液体所润滑,这几乎是难以令人相信的,但是这确实正在发生。

 

 

长难句:

It is scarcely surprising, then, that education systems have for several decades past been severely criticized, partly on the ground that education prepares people to live in an already outdated society.

 

【句子主干】It is scarcely surprising that education systems have been severely criticized, partly on the ground that education prepares people to live in an outdated society.

 

构分析】

句子的框架是it is  surprising  that education system have  been  criticized,  on the ground that …。it 是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,而主语从句又包含了that引导的同位语从句that education prepares people to live in an already outdated society 作介词词组on the ground ground的同位语,ground这里的意思是“根据”。

 

【重点词汇

scarcely 极少地

criticize 批评

on the ground 根据

 

【句子翻

那么教育体制在过去几十年中受到严厉的批评,就不那么令人感到惊讶了,批评者的部分根据是,这种教育培养人们在一种已过时的社会中生存。

 

【翻译练习

中翻英:

1. 至于个人和社会的健康可以以这样的理由来衡量,我们对生活能够付出多少而不是我们能向生活取得多少。

 

2. 因此,如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息,做更多的指导。这个问题显得越来越重要了。

 

英翻中:Experts are debating whether we should burden young children with mental computation, or encourage the use of calculators to relieve children of hard work and free their minds to understand math concepts.

 

Day4

答案:

1. There are strong grounds for thinking that the health of both individuals and societies derives from what we’re able to put into life, rather than what we try to get out of it.

2. It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.

 

我们应该用心算来增加孩子们的负担,还是应该鼓励他们使用计算器来减轻其繁重的学习任务,使他们不再费神去理解(抽象的)数学概念,们对此尚未达成一致。

 

长难句:

A religious sect that contends that space travelers created the human race by cloning themselves declared Friday that the first cloned human had been born, but it offered few details and no evidence to support the claim.

 

【句子主干】A religious sect declared Friday that the first cloned human had been born, but it offered few details and no evidence to support the claim.

 

构分析】

句子的框架是a religious sect declared  that , but it offered…。这个句子中,由but连接了两个并列分句。在前一个分句中,由that引导的定语从句that contends that by cloning themselves修饰先行词a religious sect,而定语从句中又包含了that引导的宾语从句作动词contends的宾语。

 

【重点词汇

sect 邪教

contend 宣称

 

【句子翻

一个宣称人类是由外星人克隆而成的邪教组织于星期五宣布个克隆人已出生,但它没有谈及过多细节,也没有提供任何证据。

 

【翻译练习

中翻英:

1. 然而在任何物理学家所进行过的精细巧妙的实验中,都没有发现这种影响:光速没有变化。

2. 如果探测体需要,比如说,100年时间来生成自己的副体,那么所有探测体传遍整个星系的平均速度大约为光速的1/25

英翻中:At a large terminal railway station, the work of the station master is largely administrative because of the extent of the operations and the staff of which he is in command.

 

 

 

Day5

答案:

1. Yet no such effect had been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate experiments that physicists had devised: the velocity of light did not vary.

2. If the probe takes, say, 100 years to make a copy of itself, then the average speed at which all probes would spread throughout the galaxy would be about 1/25th the speed of light.

 

在大的铁路终点站,站长的工作主要是行政管理的,这是由于车站运营范围广、工作人员多。

 

长难句:

As brighter areas of the image eject more electrons than the darker or shaded portions, an electronic image is produced in which varying degrees of positive charge duplicate light intensities seen in the scene being pictured.

 

【句子主干】As brighter areas eject more electrons than the darker or shaded portions, an electronic image is produced.

 

构分析】

在这句的定语从句中,有现在分词作前置定语,及过去分词作后置定语,翻译成前置的定语词组会生涩拗口。因此,将从句与主句分开翻译,单独成句。

 

【重点词汇

eject - 发射

electron电子

 

【句子翻

因为图像的较明亮的部分比黑暗的部分或者阴影部分发射的电子更多,所以产生的电子图像随正电荷的变化强度,使正在描述的荧幕上的光强度成倍增强。

 

【翻译练习

中翻英:

1. 一次在比萨大教堂做礼拜时,他发现自己正看着一个吊灯架,它随着气流时而划一个大弧,时而划一个小弧。

 

2. 虽然爱因斯坦门门功课都很优异,数学尤为突出,但他很讨厌上这所慕尼黑的中学。在这所学校里成功取决于死机硬背和对专职权威的服从。

 

答案:

1. Attending services at the Cathedral of Pisa, he found himself watching a swinging chandelier, which air currents shifted now in wide arcs, now in small ones.

2. Although he got generally good grades and was outstanding in mathematics, Einstein hated the academic high school he was sent to in Munich, where success depended on memorization and obedience to arbitrary authority.

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